Kerala, often referred to as “God’s Own Country,” is not only known for its scenic backwaters, rich traditions, and cultural diversity but also as the first Indian state to embrace Christianity. In 52 AD, St. Thomas, one of the twelve disciples of Jesus, arrived on Kerala’s shores, bringing the message of Christianity to the region. Over the centuries, Kerala has witnessed the construction of numerous churches that reflect the faith, architecture, and history of the Christian community here.
This article explores some of the most famous churches in Kerala, each with its unique story, breathtaking architecture, and spiritual significance. Whether you’re a pilgrim or a history enthusiast, these churches are must-visit landmarks in Kerala’s religious and cultural landscape.
1. Edappally St. George Forane Church
Location: Edappally, Ernakulam
Established: 594 AD
Feast: 23rd April (Feast of St. George)
One of Kerala’s oldest and most revered Roman Catholic churches, the Edappally St. George Forane Church, was initially constructed in 594 AD. The church has undergone multiple renovations, reflecting a blend of medieval and contemporary architectural styles. An interesting feature is the statue of St. George mounted on a horse, striking a dragon with his spear, symbolizing the triumph of good over evil.
Adjacent to the church is a well, believed by the local devotees to have miraculous healing powers. Even during dry seasons, the water level remains consistently 2 meters below ground, which many attribute to divine intervention.
The annual feast of St. George held on 23rd April attracts thousands of devotees, adding to the church’s spiritual vibrancy. Visitors can immerse themselves in the rich cultural experience by participating in the grand procession during the feast.
2. St. Sebastian's Church, Arthunkal
Location: Arthunkal, Alappuzha District
Established: 16th Century
Feast: January (Arthunkal Perunnal)
Located on the shores of the Arabian Sea, St. Sebastian’s Church in Arthunkal holds historical and religious significance. Originally built by Portuguese missionaries in the 16th century, the church is a Roman Catholic pilgrimage center dedicated to St. Sebastian, the patron saint of archers and athletes. The annual festival, known as Arthunkal Perunnal, is celebrated with a 10-day feast every January.
What makes this feast unique is the procession where the statue of St. Sebastian is carried from the church to the beach and back. Devotees, in an act of penance, often crawl on their knees during the procession, expressing deep faith and devotion. The church’s architecture is a striking mix of European styles, and its beachfront location adds a serene, spiritual atmosphere that makes this pilgrimage a truly memorable experience.
3. Edathua St. George Forane Church
Location: Alappuzha District
Established: 1810 AD
Feast: 27th April to 7th May (Feast of St. George)
Set along the picturesque banks of the Pamba River, Edathua Church is a beacon of faith and a masterpiece of medieval European architecture. Founded in 1810 AD, the church is dedicated to St. George, known for curing illnesses, especially mental disorders, according to local believers.
The church’s feast, held from 27th April to 7th May, attracts pilgrims from across Kerala and beyond. The celebrations are marked by processions, prayers, and cultural events, and the scenic backdrop of the Pamba River adds to the spirituality and beauty of the experience. Visiting Edathua during this period allows you to witness the synergy of faith and local traditions.
4. Santa Cruz Basilica
Location: Fort Kochi, Ernakulam
Established: 1505 AD (Elevated to Basilica in 1984)
Feast: December 3rd (Feast of St. Francis Xavier)
Santa Cruz Basilica is a testament to Kerala’s colonial past and the enduring faith of its Christian community. Built by the Portuguese in 1505 AD, it was elevated to a cathedral by Pope Paul IV in 1558 and spared destruction by the Dutch in the 17th century. Today, it stands as one of the eight Basilicas in India, showcasing a blend of Gothic and Indo-European architectural styles.
The interiors are adorned with stunning Italian frescoes and murals, dating back centuries. The central altar, with its intricate carvings and gold-plated details, is a magnificent example of Gothic artistry. The Basilica remains an active center of worship, and the Feast of St. Francis Xavier on December 3rd is a significant annual event that draws both devotees and tourists.
5. St. Thomas Syro-Malabar Catholic Church, Malayattoor
Location: Malayattoor Hill, Ernakulam District
Established: 52 AD (as a place of pilgrimage)
Feast: Malayattoor Perunnal (March/April)
Situated atop the scenic Malayattoor Hill, St. Thomas Syro-Malabar Catholic Church is one of Kerala’s most significant Christian pilgrimage centers. It is believed that St. Thomas, the Apostle who introduced Christianity to India, prayed here while evangelizing in the region. Although the present structure was built much later, the hill remains deeply associated with St. Thomas’ legacy.
In 2004, the Vatican declared Malayattoor as one of the eight International Shrines in the world, placing it alongside global Christian pilgrimage sites such as Lourdes and Fatima. The annual Malayattoor Perunnal, held in March or April, is marked by a pilgrimage up the hill, with devotees walking barefoot to honor St. Thomas’s memory.
The panoramic views from the hill, combined with the spiritual atmosphere, make it a must-visit location for both religious and nature enthusiasts.
Practical Tips for Visiting Churches in Kerala
- Timing: While most churches are open throughout the week, it’s advisable to visit during the early morning or late afternoon for a peaceful experience.
- Festivals: If you plan to visit during a church feast, be prepared for large crowds and vibrant celebrations. It’s a good idea to check the local calendar for exact dates.
- Respect Religious Practices: Many of these churches have specific dress codes and guidelines for visitors, especially during religious festivals. Always dress modestly and follow local customs to ensure a respectful visit.
- Accessibility: Most churches are easily accessible by road, but some, like Malayattoor Church, may require a hike. Ensure you are well-prepared for the terrain.
Kerala’s churches are not just places of worship but also landmarks of history, architecture, and culture. From the ancient traditions rooted in the arrival of St. Thomas to the influences of European missionaries, these churches narrate a compelling story of faith’s journey in India. Visiting these spiritual centers allows travelers and pilgrims to explore not just Kerala’s Christian heritage, but also its unique fusion of cultures, architecture, and faith.
Whether you’re seeking spiritual solace, historical knowledge, or architectural beauty, these famous churches of Kerala offer a deep and enriching experience for every visitor.
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